https://grafana.com/docs/guides/basic_concepts/

Data Source 数据源
supports many different storage backends for time series data
Each Data Source has a specific Query Editor that is customized for the features 
and capabilities that the particular Data Source exposes.

The following datasources are officially supported: Graphite, InfluxDB, OpenTSDB, Prometheus, Elasticsearch, 

时间薛烈数据后端存储  查询编辑器
官方支持的数据源 Graphite, InfluxDB, OpenTSDB, Prometheus, Elasticsearch,CloudWatch.

The query language and capabilities of each Data Source are obviously very different. 
You can combine data from multiple Data Sources onto a single Dashboard, 
but each Panel is tied to a specific Data Source that belongs to a particular Organization.

每种数据源的查询语言能力有很大的不同
可以把多个数据源组合到一个仪表板上。
但是每个面板都绑定到属于特定组织的特定数据源。

Organization

组织 多种部署模型 
使用一个Grafana实例为多个可能不受信任的组织提供服务。

In many cases, Grafana will be deployed with a single Organization.
Each Organization can have one or more Data Sources.
All Dashboards are owned by a particular Organization.

在许多情况下，Grafana将与单个组织一起部署。
每个组织可以有一个或多个数据源。
所有仪表板都由特定的组织拥有。


It is important to remember that most metric databases do not provide any sort of per-user series authentication. 
Therefore, in Grafana, Data Sources and Dashboards are available to all Users in a particular Organization.
 
大多数指标数据库不提供任何针对每个用户的系列身份验证。
因此，在Grafana中，特定组织中的所有用户都可以使用数据源和仪表板。


User
A User is a named account in Grafana. 
A user can belong to one or more Organizations, 
and can be assigned different levels of privileges through roles.

基于角色的权限

Grafana supports a wide variety of internal and external ways for Users to authenticate themselves. 
These include from its own integrated database, 
from an external SQL server, or from an external LDAP server.

内部的外部的身份验证方式
基于集成的数据库  来自外部SQL服务器或外部LDAP服务器。

LDAP（轻量级目录访问协议，Lightweight Directory Access Protocol)



Row
A Row is a logical divider within a Dashboard, and is used to group Panels together.

行是仪表板中的逻辑分隔符，用于将面板组合在一起。


Rows are always 12 “units” wide. 
These units are automatically scaled dependent on the horizontal resolution of your browser. 
You can control the relative width of Panels within a row by setting their own width.

行总是12个“单位”宽。这些单元根据浏览器的水平分辨率自动缩放。
可以通过设置面板本身的宽度来控制一行内面板的相对宽度。


We utilize a unit abstraction so that Grafana looks great on all screens both small and huge.

使用单元抽象，在所有屏幕上看起来都很棒，无论大小。

Note: With MaxDataPoint functionality, 
Grafana can show you the perfect amount of datapoints no matter your resolution or time-range.

使用MaxDataPoint功能，Grafana可以显示完美数量的数据点，无论分辨率或时间范围。

Utilize the Repeating Rows functionality to dynamically create or remove entire Rows 
(that can be filled with Panels), based on the Template variables selected.

根据所选的模板变量，利用重复行功能动态创建或删除整个行(可以用面板填充)。


Rows can be collapsed by clicking on the Row Title. 
If you save a Dashboard with a Row collapsed, 
it will save in that state and will not preload those graphs until the row is expanded.

可以通过单击行标题折叠行。如果保存一个行折叠的仪表板，它将保存该状态，并且在行展开之前不会预加载那些图。




Panel 面板
The Panel is the basic visualization building block in Grafana. 
Each Panel provides a Query Editor (dependent on the Data Source selected in the panel) 
that allows you to extract the perfect visualization to display on the Panel by utilizing the Query Editor

面板是最基本的可视化构建块。每个面板都提供一个查询编辑器(取决于在面板中选择的数据源)，



There are a wide variety of styling and formatting options that each Panel exposes to allow you to create the perfect picture.

多种样式和格式选项

Panels can be dragged and dropped and rearranged on the Dashboard. They can also be resized.

面板可以拖放并重新排列在仪表板上。还可以调整大小。


There are currently four Panel types: Graph, Singlestat, Dashlist, Table,and Text.

四种面板类型 图 表格 文字 

Panels like the Graph panel allow you to graph as many metrics and series as you want. 
Other panels like Singlestat require a reduction of a single query into a single number. 
Dashlist and Text are special panels that do not connect to any Data Source.

Graph panel 根据需要绘制任意数量的度量和系列。
Singlestat要求将单个查询简化为单个数字。
Dashlist和Text是不连接任何数据源的特殊面板。


Panels can be made more dynamic by utilizing Dashboard Templating variable strings within the panel configuration 
(including queries to your Data Source configured via the Query Editor).
模板变量字符串

Utilize the Repeating Panel functionality to dynamically create or remove Panels based on the Templating Variables selected.
利用重复面板功能根据所选的模板变量动态创建或删除面板。


The time range on Panels is normally what is set in the Dashboard time picker 
but this can be overridden by utilizes Panel specific time overrides.
面板上的时间范围通常是在仪表板时间选择器中设置的，但是可以通过使用面板特定的时间来覆盖它。

Panels (or an entire Dashboard) can be Shared easily in a variety of ways. 
You can send a link to someone who has a login to your Grafana. 
You can use the Snapshot feature to encode all the data currently being viewed into a static and interactive JSON document; 
it’s so much better than emailing a screenshot!


可以通过多种方式轻松共享面板(或整个仪表板)。
可以使用快照特性将当前查看的所有数据编码为静态和交互式JSON文档


Query Editor

The Query Editor exposes capabilities of your Data Source 
and allows you to query the metrics that it contains.

Use the Query Editor to build one or more queries (for one or more series) in your time series database. 
The panel will instantly update allowing you to effectively explore your data in real time 
and build a perfect query for that particular Panel.
一个或多个查询
立即更新 实时探索数据

You can utilize Template variables in the Query Editor within the queries themselves. 
This provides a powerful way to explore data dynamically based on the Templating variables selected on the Dashboard.
查询中使用查询编辑器中的模板变量。
Grafana allows you to reference queries in the Query Editor by the row that they’re on. 
If you add a second query to graph, you can reference the first query simply by typing in #A. 
This provides an easy and convenient way to build compounded queries.

如果向graph添加第二个查询，只需输入#a就可以引用第一个查询。构建复合查询

Dashboard
The Dashboard is where it all comes together. 
Dashboards can be thought of as of a set of one or more Panels organized 
and arranged into one or more Rows.

仪表盘是所有信息汇集的地方。仪表板可以看作是一组由一个或多个面板组成并排列成一个或多个行。


The time period for the Dashboard can be controlled by the Dashboard time picker in the upper right of the Dashboard.
仪表板的时间段可以由仪表板右上角的仪表板时间选择器控制。



Dashboards can utilize Templating to make them more dynamic and interactive.

利用模板 动态性和交互性。



Dashboards can utilize Annotations to display event data across Panels. 
This can help correlate the time series data in the Panel with other events.

使用注释跨面板显示事件数据。
时序数据与事件关联

Dashboards (or a specific Panel) can be Shared easily in a variety of ways. 
You can send a link to someone who has a login to your Grafana. 
You can use the Snapshot feature to encode all the data currently being viewed into a static and interactive JSON document; 
it’s so much better than emailing a screenshot!

Dashboards can be tagged, and the Dashboard picker provides quick, searchable access to all Dashboards in a particular Organization.

标记 打标，仪表板选择器提供了对特定组织中的所有仪表板的快速、可搜索的访问。